Ning Ma is a MA graduate in History of Art from the Courtauld Institute of Art. Her research focuses on nineteenth-century maritime history that connect the South China Sea, Indian Ocean and Europe from the perspective of material culture exchange. She was awarded the Third Wang Zhaowen Academic Nomination of History of Art, and her article was published in Art Observation. In September 2026, she will begin her PhD in History at the University of Edinburgh, investigating nineteenth-century Chinese visual representations and the epistemological constructions of India.